Fractional-order spiking neuron models can enrich model flexibility and dynamics due to the extra degrees of freedom. This paper aims to study the effects of applying four different numerical methods to two fractional-order spiking neuron models: the Fractional-order Leaky integrate-and-fire (FO-LIF) model and the Fractional-order Hodgkin–Huxley (FO-HH) model. Furthermore, some adjustments to these models are proposed, and the effect of reducing the memory size is investigated. We first propose a new realistic formulation for Fo-LIF model to better describe its functionality that is aligned

Modeling of soft robotics systems proves to be an extremely difficult task, due to the large deformation of the soft materials used to make such robots. Reliable and accurate models are necessary for the control task of these soft robots. In this paper, a data-driven approach using machine learning is presented to model the kinematics of Soft Pneumatic Actuators (SPAs). An Echo State Network (ESN) architecture is used to predict the SPA’s tip position in 3 axes. Initially, data from actual 3D printed SPAs is obtained to build a training dataset for the network. Irregularintervals pressure

This paper discusses the implementation of a Multiplier Accumulator (MAC) design using memristor and crossbar architecture. MAC consists of an array of memristors alongside transistors making a cell that works as a switch (i.e., turned ON or OFF). When a cell is selected, it adds the current in the array path, followed by a current mirror circuit amplified to determine the accumulated current. A traditional MAC is also implemented to compare it with the proposed MAC. The proposed MAC consumed power of 3.9μW, while the traditional MAC consumed power of 19μW. The delay of the proposed MAC is 1

In the present paper, a theoretical model for calculating the carrier mobility which is a result of the existence of a truncated conical quantum dots of n-type quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) is developed. This model is built on solving Boltzmann’s transport equation that is a complex integro-differential equation describing the carrier transport. The time-domain finite-difference method is used in this numerical solution. The influences of dimensions and density of the QDs for this structure on the carrier mobility are studied. Eventually, the calculated mobility for truncated

This paper proposes an equivalent lumped element model for various multi-TSV arrangements and introduces closed form expressions for the capacitive, resistive, and inductive coupling between those arrangements. The closed form expressions are in terms of physical dimensions and material properties and are driven based on the dimensional analysis method. The model's compactness and compatibility with SPICE simulators allows the electrical modeling of various TSV arrangements without the need for computationally expensive field-solvers and the fast investigation of a TSV impact on a 3-D circuit

A simple and direct procedure for implementing fractional-order filters with transfer functions that contain Laplace operators of different fractional orders is presented in this work. Based on a general fractional-order transfer function that describes fractional-order low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop and all-pass filters, the introduced concept deals with the consideration of this function as a whole, with its approximation being performed using a curve-fitting-based technique. Compared to the conventional procedure, where each fractional-order Laplace operator of the transfer

In this paper, we present a modeling approach for analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) based on modeling the static transfer function using integral nonlinearity (INL) measurements. The methodology relies on applying a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) test to the output of a real ADC circuit and extracting the significant harmonics. These are used in a behavioral functional model to approximate the INL using a polynomial function. The resulting model is independent of the ADC type or structure, and is suitable for bottom-up system verification. We compare the performance of the new model with other

[No abstract available]

The integration of biometric recognition with smartphones is necessary to increase security, especially in financial transactions such as online payments. Vein recognition of the dorsal hand is superior to other methods such as palm, finger, and wrist, as it has a wide area to be captured and does not have any wrinkles. Most current systems that depend on dorsal hand vein recognition do not work in real-time and have poor results. In this paper, a dorsal hand recognition system working in real-time is proposed to achieve good results with a high frame rate. A contactless device consists of a

Purpose: Tagged and cine magnetic resonance imaging (tMRI and cMRI) techniques are used for evaluating regional and global heart function, respectively. Measuring global function parameters directly from tMRI is challenging due to the obstruction of the anatomical structure by the tagging pattern. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for processing the tMRI images to improve the myocardium-blood contrast in order to estimate global function parameters from the processed images. Materials and methods: The developed method consists of two stages: (1) removing the tagging pattern